In open spine surgery surgeon has to cut the overlaying normal structures like muscles, ligaments and bones to reach the disease into spinal column. After removing the disease surgeon repairs all the structures but they don't regain the strength as they had before surgery. This damage to normal structures is called collateral damage. In MIS spine surgery surgeon puts a tube through the muscle by just creating a small space between muscle fibres by dilation without damaging muscle fibres. Through this tube surgeon reaches to the site of disease directly without any collateral damage. Surgeon removes the disease and as soon as he remove the tube, muscle fibres fall back to normal place thus we are able to treat the spine disease without any collateral damage. This is called minimally invasive spine surgery. According to modality it's been classified into two types. 1. Endoscopic spine surgery 2. Microscopic spine surgery According to site of access it's been classified into four types. 1.Interlaminar 2.Transforaminal 3.Oblique lateral 4.Anterior

Slip disc is one of the most common conditions of the spine which requires surgical treatment. Ninety percent of the patients of slip discs become alright with medications and exercises. Two percent of them have severe compression and symptoms of cauda equina syndrome, which requires emergency surgery. The rest eight percent of the patients have moderate compression and often require surgery. At present the most minimally invasive method to do slip disc surgery is endoscopic surgery. This surgery involves introduction of a small (6 to 8mm) diameter tube through the muscle to the spine. This tube contains a small camera system and a working channel through which instruments are introduced under the vision of the camera and surgery is accomplished. This surgery causes no collateral damage to the normal structures of the spine and thus the patient is able to walk pain-free immediately after the surgery. Due to minimal collateral damage the early and long term results are excellent. This surgery has basically two approaches depending on the route of introduction of the Endoscopic tube. 1. Interlaminar Endoscopy 2. Transforaminal Endoscopy 1. Interlaminar Endoscopy - In this approach the tube is inserted from posteriorly slightly off the midline, through the muscles and between the two laminae of the spine. 2. Transforaminal Endoscopy - In this approach the tube is inserted from the side of the flank, through the muscles and natural foramina into the spine. Both the approaches have similar results and the surgeon decides which approach is required depending on the disease pattern. For more details you can watch the video on our youtube channel.

Microdiscectomy, also called Microlumbar Discectomy (MLD), is performed for patients with a painful lumbar herniated disc. Microdiscectomy is a very common, if not the most common, surgery performed by spine surgeons. The operation consists of removing a portion of the intervertebral disc, the herniated or protruding portion that is compressing the traversing spinal nerve root. Years ago, most spine surgeons would remove a herniated disc using a rather large surgical incision and surgical exposure without the use of a microscope or telescopic glasses, which would often involve a long hospital stay and prolonged recovery period. Today, many surgeons use a microscopic surgical approach with a small, minimally-invasive, poke-hole incision to remove the disc herniation, allowing for a more rapid recovery.